Study: Electrodes Implant in Brain Allows Paralyzed Patients to Walk

Facts

• In a study published on Monday, Swiss researchers said they had achieved a breakthrough by enabling two paralyzed patients to walk again through deep brain stimulation, which involved implanting electrodes to reawaken dormant nerve fibers in the spinal cord.^[1][2]
• The Swiss Federal Technology Institute used artificial intelligence (AI) to map neurons in the brain, unexpectedly discovering that the lateral hypothalamus plays a crucial role in walking mechanisms. While the implants didn't result in a complete recovery, the patients could walk slowly over short distances using walking aids.^[3]
• Wolfgang Jaeger, who broke his back in a skiing accident in 2006, regained the ability to walk short distances and climb stairs after receiving the implant two years ago. The technique works by establishing a digital bridge between the brain and spinal cord.^[4]
• According to the researchers, the surgical procedure is performed while patients are fully awake to ensure precise electrode placement and appropriate stimulation strength, similar to treatments used for Parkinson's disease.^[5]
• Last May, 40-year-old Gert-Jan Oskam, who was left with paralyzed legs and partially paralyzed arms in a cycling accident in 2011, was able to walk again —by using his thoughts — thanks to two disc-shaped implants inserted into his skull that connected his brain and his spinal cord.^[6]
• The implants have enabled Oskam to stand unsupported for approximately two or three minutes, climb stairs, and walk for more than 100 meters at a time since the operation.^[7][8]

Sources: ^[1]Sky News, ^[2]Interesting Engineering, ^[3]The Pinnacle Gazette, ^[4]LBC, ^[5]EPFL, ^[6]Al Jazeera, ^[7]The Guardian and ^[8]NBC.

Narratives

• Narrative A, as provided by EPFL and Nature. This breakthrough represents a transformative moment in medical science, offering hope to millions affected by paralysis. This innovative approach combines AI with neuroscience to restore mobility, demonstrating the potential for complete wheelchair independence in the future. The successful outcomes prove that targeted brain stimulation can effectively bypass spinal injuries to ultimately restore movement.
• Narrative B, as provided by News-Medical and The Washington Post. The experimental nature of this treatment raises significant concerns about its widespread applicability and accessibility. The procedure requires multiple invasive surgeries and extensive rehabilitation, while the long-term effects remain unknown. The technology's complexity and cost may limit its availability to most patients. This kind of AI technology in medicine demands greater vetting and further study is warranted.